Описание
This critical history covers 70 years of two major UCLES / Cambridge
ESOL international exams: the First Certificate in English (FCE) and the
Certificate in Advanced English (CAE). The story begins with the
development and first sitting of the FCE (then called the Lower
Certificate in English) in 1939. The book then traces subsequent
developments, including the initiation of FCE under its current name in
1975, the introduction of CAE in 1991, as well as reviews, major
revisions, and modifications, leading to the update of FCE and CAE for
December 2008. On the way, the history attempts to balance theory and
practice, fact and opinion, insider and outsider perspectives, recurring
themes and key innovations. We see the scale of the FCE and CAE exams
grow from an initial candidature of just 144, to make a significant
contribution to Cambridge ESOL's current total of over two million
candidates in 130 countries.